CREATIVE WRITING ASSIGNMENT
CRITICAL ASSIGNMENT
Q1. DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN POSSIBILITY AND PROBABLITY.
ANS. Probability and possibility are two words between which certain differences can be identified. However, most people tend to confuse these words due to resemblance to their meaning.
Probability refers to the likelihood of something happening. In other words, it can be said that the probability indicates the extend to which an event is likely to occur. It is usually measured by the ratio of the favourable cases to the whole number of cases that are possible. Hence, it can be said that the probability is a subset of possibility.
Possibility refers to the capability of taking place or being done. This is widely used even in our day today conversation. One of the main differences between the two words is that while possibility Is the universal set, probability is the subset. Possibility is surer to occur than probability. Possibility has its opposite in the word impossibility. Another difference is that while a thing that may exist or happen is called a possibility, the occurrence of an event out of all sorts of possibility is called possibility. Probability is a theory whereas possibility is a happening. This is another difference between the two words. Happenings have to combine together to make a probability a possibility. In other words, it can be said that the probability solely rests on the availability of possibilities.
Q2. EXPLAIN THE TYPE OF FALLACIES.
A fallacy is an illogical step in the formulation of an argument. An argument in academics writing is essentially a conclusion or claim, with assumptions or reasons to support the claim.
Some commonly committed fallacies are:-
1. Ad hominem - the trick literally translated as ‘ to the man’ subtly or overtly distorts a persons character, destroying their credibility no matter how valid their arguments is. ‘I was surprised you agreed with her. She’s kind of an extremist.’
2. Ignore the evidence - traditionally called apiorism. We often ignore things we don’t want to consider for fear they will produce more work or further confusion. ‘well, I don’t care why she did it. It was wrong.’
3. Non sequitur - translated as ‘ it does not follow,’ non sequitur refers to any claim that doesn’t follow from its premises or is supported by irrelevant premises. ‘ I should not receive a C in this course, I never get CS.’
4. Red herring - a red herring is an emotionally charged issued brought up to divert attention from something the manipulator wants to avoid. ‘you asked me why the unemployment rate has risen again, but I’ll tell you what’s affecting this country’s morale in even worse ways than that.’
5. Straw man - ‘you say you want reform the criminal justise system. What, do you want to free all the criminals?’ we do this all the time: take an argument we disagree with and mischaracterize it so it looks weak or extreme, thus making our own side appear more reasonable.
Q3. DESCRIBE BENEDICT ANDERSON’S CONCEPT OF A NATION.
An imagined community is a concept developed by benedict Anderson in his 1983 book Imagined communities, to analyze nationalism.
According to Anderson, the creation of imagined communities became possible of ‘print capitalism’. capitalism entrepreneurs printed their books and media in the vernacular in order to maximize circulation. As a result, readers speaking various local dialects became able to understand each other, and a common discourse emerged. Anderson argued that the first european nations states were thus formed around their ‘national print languages.’ Anderson argues that the first form of capitalism started with the process of printing texts in the vernacular started right after books began to be printed in script languages, such as latin, which saturated the elite market. At the moment it was also observed that just a small category of people was speaking it and was part of bilingual society.
Q4. WRITE A NOTE ON HEGEMONY.
Hegemony the dominance of one group over another, often supported by legitimating norms and ideas. The term hegemony is today is often used as short hand to describe the relatively dominant position of a particular set of ideas and their associated tendency to become commonsensical and intoitive, thereby, inhibiting the dissemination or even the articulation of alternative ideas.
